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What are the pros and cons to keeping SQL in Stored Procs versus Code

sql
best-practices
performance
debugging
Alex KataevbyAlex Kataev·Dec 23, 2024
TLDR

Stored Procedures (SPs):

  • Efficiency: Executes quicker thanks to precompilation.
  • Network Optimization: Sends less data across the network.
  • Assured Security: Mitigates SQL injection risks.
  • Maintenance: Central location to manage SQL changes.

SQL in Application Code:

  • Adaptable: More portable across different database platforms.
  • Version Control: Better integration with code versioning systems.
  • Developer Convenience: Use of familiar IDEs and tools.

Trade-offs:

  • SPs may limit cross-database compatibility and obscure versioning. Inline SQL may cause performance degradation and expose security vulnerabilities.

Key Takeaway: Choose Stored Procedures for performance and security, but SQL in Application Code for flexibility and simple versioning.

Condensed Example:

// Even SQL has a fitbit, it too counts 'steps' EXEC GetUserOrders @UserId=1; // Efficient and secure, but a bit picky about its friend 'Database'

Decisions: When to use what

High Demand Scenarios:

  • Performance Intensive Applications: SPs are like the 'fast food' of data processing.
  • Frequent Model Changes: SPs serve as the 'buffer zone' curtailing the ripple effects.
  • Security Centric Systems: SPs are the 'bouncers' ruling out unwanted data access.

Development Paradigms:

  • Agile Frameworks: Inline SQL fits snugly in the quick and iterative ethos.
  • Microservices Oriented: Inline SQL offers these small, nimble components even more flexibility.
  • ORM Friendly Environment: Modern ORMs extend a protective arm around inline SQL.

Enhancing Code Reusability & Maintainability

DRY Principle:

  • SPs promote sharing of SQL code, especially for chunky queries.
  • Treating SQL as methods of the database object leads to leaner application code.

Sustainability:

  • Centralized SQL in SPs makes updates a breeze.
  • Inline SQL sprinkled among application code may invite recurring SQL maintenance nightmares.

Tackling Performance and Debugging Issues

Performance Factors:

  • SPs have a magic trick, they store execution plans, putting a rocket under queries.
  • Inline SQL may not dance well with evolving data patterns.

Debugging & Profiling:

  • Buzzing around inline SQL with standard debugging tools is a casual flight.
  • Debugging SPs might call for a more specialized toolkit or DBA guidance.

Juggling Version control and Team Collaboration

Source Control Dance:

  • SPs often stumble when part of version control systems.
  • Inline SQL fits well within the versioning framework, making change tracking a breeze.

Team Dynamics:

  • Inline SQL corresponds well with typical developer workflows.
  • SPs can be wielded by a specialized team, the DBA knight brigade.

The Balancing Act and Best Practices

When SPs Shine:

  • Security tops priority chart.
  • Your system relies heavily on database level optimization.
  • You prefer housing considerable business logic within databases.

When to Resort to Inline SQL:

  • You're setting sail on a language-agnostic vessel.
  • Frequent small increments are the dev mantra.
  • Developers prefer a uniform development interface.