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Set time to 00:00:00

java
date-formatting
time-zone
java-time-api
Nikita BarsukovbyNikita Barsukov·Nov 20, 2024
TLDR

Easily reset a java.util.Date to midnight using Calendar:

Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(); cal.setTime(date); // 'date' is your Date instance, not a hot date😉 cal.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0); // No hour to see here cal.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0); // A minute lost is lost forever cal.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0); // You don't need these extra seconds cal.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0); // Even milliseconds count...or not Date midnight = cal.getTime(); // Congratulations, it's midnight now!

👉 Set all time fields to zero to get to midnight.

Using java.time for more elegance

Here is how to accomplish this with java.time, Java's modern date and time API, as this is much simpler and robust:

LocalDate date = LocalDate.now(); // Today's date LocalDateTime midnight = date.atStartOfDay(); // This is the midnight express!

Or, if you only need time without the date:

LocalTime midnight = LocalTime.MIN; // 00:00 or Cinderella's worst nightmare😉

Formatting date with awareness of time zone

If formatting, use SimpleDateFormat with the correct settings to avoid any midnight confusion:

SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss"); // God save the Queen... of time formatting! sdf.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getDefault()); // Not all heroes wear timezone capes

👉 24-hour display (use "HH") can save you from a 12 hours of AM/PM lethargy.

Time Traps and Trials

Time zone trials

Time Zones can bring chaos - To avoid this, keep the time zone factor in mind while setting time:

ZonedDateTime zdt = midnight.atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()); // Imagine zone-hopping without a passport!

Interacting anger-free with databases

Remember, when dealing with databases, your time resetting and formatting should be compatible with your database's expectations.

The 12-hour format nemesis

Be mindful that Calendar's 12-hour format can turn your 00:00:00 into 12:00:00 AM. Use a 24-hour display setting instead:

calendar.set(Calendar.AM_PM, Calendar.AM); // AM to the rescue!

Testing tribulations across time zones

Testing can save your day… and night. Test thoroughly across different time zones to ensure accuracy and user satisfaction.

Balancing Time: The Strikes and Gutters

LocalDateTime truncation saves the day (or night)

For a more precise hour resetting without lingering minutes and seconds, use truncatedTo(ChronoUnit.HOURS) with LocalDateTime:

LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now().truncatedTo(ChronoUnit.HOURS); // Milliseconds begged to stay, but we said no!

GregorianCalendar: The time machine

Handling older codebases? GregorianCalendar is your trusty tool:

GregorianCalendar gc = new GregorianCalendar(); gc.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0); // Hours, behold the donut of destiny!

Time setting consistency is king

Consistent time resetting is vital for a smooth run of your application, especially when it involves database interactions.