Java.net.urlencoder.encode(string) is deprecated, what should I use instead?

Importance of specifying a charset: Ensuring consistency

By making use of the more versatile URLEncoder.encode(String s, String enc), you're choosing to specify the charset explicitly. This is crucial because VMs might differ in their default charsets. In other words, always hard-code "UTF-8" for consistency, preventing outcomes that are as unpredictable as your cat’s mood.

Handling exceptions: Be like Grace Hopper

Be as graceful in handling exceptions as the legendary Grace Hopper. Be prepared for potential UnsupportedEncodingExceptions. Here’s a simple safeguard:

try {
    // To be, or not to be UTF-8 encoded, that is the question!
    String encodedValue = URLEncoder.encode("value", StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name());
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
    e.printStackTrace(); // When life gives you exceptions, make error logs!
}
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Beyond the basics: They're more than 'just friends'

Going beyond mere URL encoding involves knowing about URL decoding as well. For this, URLDecoder.decode(encodedValue, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name()) is your buddy. Speaking of buddies, always sanitize inputs before encoding to keep any sneaky buddies (read: injection attacks) at bay.

Diverse requirements might call for third-party libraries like Apache's HttpClient or HttpComponents. They offer a wide range of URL manipulation tools, because who doesn't like extra tools in their toolbox?

Advanced tips for mastering URL encoding: Be the Sensei

Did you know URLEncoder.encode() can be a part of a parameterized SQL query to mitigate SQL Injection? Or that UriComponentsBuilder from Spring Framework is a trusted ally when encoding path segments or parameters individually?

Must-know best practices

• Fire drill: Test your URLs post-encoding, particularly if they're riddled with special characters.
• The 'I' in the URL: Always encode query parameters individually to correctly handle ampersands and equals signs.
• URLs & the percent-encoded characters: Keep an eye out for these; decide how to handle them with care.

Alternative libraries: Because variety is the spice of life

• Guava's UrlEscapers: The answer to your prayers for web-safe encoding.
• OWASP's ESAPI: A unique library with a focus on security while encoding.

Staying updated: Keep the learning curve alive!

With Java's web-related APIs evolving faster than your favorite TV show, keep up with Java Enhancement Proposals (JEPs) and OpenJDK mailing lists. That way, you'll be first in line to adopt the shiny new features.