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Check if a string is a date value

javascript
date-parsing
momentjs
browser-compatibility
Alex KataevbyAlex Kataev·Aug 14, 2024
TLDR

To quickly check if a string is a date, you can use the built-in JavaScript Date.parse() function:

// Trust me, I’m a function ;) const isValidDate = (str) => !isNaN(Date.parse(str)); // And here's how you can use me isValidDate('2023-04-01'); // Returns: true isValidDate('foo'); // Returns: false

However, be mindful: certain strings that don't resemble dates might still be interpreted as such by Date.parse(). For instance, '2023-13-01' is viewed as a real date (Yep, JavaScript does have its quirks!🤪).

Going beyond the easy route: Handling varied date formats

Sometimes, your application will need to parse diverse date formats. That's when libraries like Moment.js or Luxon come into the picture:

// Welcome to npm install moment const moment = require('moment'); // I'm a validator but not from matchbox twenty ;) const isMomentValidDate = (str) => moment(str, moment.ISO_8601, true).isValid(); // Usage isMomentValidDate('2023-04-01T00:00:00Z'); // true isMomentValidDate('2023-13-01T00:00:00Z'); // false isMomentValidDate('NotADate'); // false

These versatile libraries can gracefully deal with timezone variations and leap years — talk about killing two birds with one stone!

When precision is key: Constructor parsing

In specific cases, you may want to ensure a date is parsed exactly as intended. You can circumvent potential misinterpretation by explicitly breaking the date down into components:

// Call me a date constructor, maybe? const parseDateComponents = (year, month, day) => { let date = new Date(year, month - 1, day); return date.getFullYear() === year && date.getMonth() === month - 1 && date.getDate() === day; }; // Usage parseDateComponents(2023, 4, 1); // true

The art of minimalism: Going library-free

While Moment.js and the like can be great, on occasion you might prefer a more lightweight or native approach :

  • The XDate and DateJS libraries are smaller, yet still functional alternatives.
  • You can return to basics with the new Date(year, month, day) syntax, particularly useful for legacy code.
  • If you're feeling adventurous (or masochistic), you can also craft complex parsing algorithms with Regular expressions.

Bullet-proofing your code: Compatibility and reliability

To ensure your code doesn't become a "gotcha" for the next developer (or future you), it's important to have:

  • Continuous, rigorous testing, particularly for various date formats.
  • A mindful eye on browser compatibility. Different browsers interpret dates differently, so do your research!
  • MDN Docs in your bookmark list for quick referencing.

Pitfall prevention: Common misconceptions

Exploring the world of JS Dates can be a minefield. So, watch your step and avoid these pitfalls:

  • Regex for date parsing? Just say no. Your pattern likely works for some formats and fails for others. Don't be that developer.
  • The Date constructor is not an all-inclusive resort. Relying on new Date(Date_string) can lead to browser-specific surprises.
  • 'Invalid Date' is invalid validation. Checking for a return of 'Invalid Date' was fine pre-ES6, but we can do better now.

Making the most of modern JavaScript

Modern JS offers a cornucopia of tools to make life easier:

  • Template literals and arrow functions can make code readable and fun.
  • Well, as much fun as dates can be 🤓.
  • Date-picking widgets inherently enforce correct formats and provide better user feedback.